英语单词发音规则详解
英语单词发音规则开闭音节的概念
开音节
1)以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。 例:be,he。
2)以辅音字母(r 除外)+不发音的e结尾的音节。 例:make,like。
* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。
闭音节
以一个或几个辅音字母(r 除外)结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节,称为闭音节。例:map,desk,is。
* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
a 在开音节中 name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中 clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读音,例如:June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
a E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i / holiday beautiful family animal
exercise satellite
o second tonight somebody welcome
also zero photo
u autumn difficult
popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作音,也可以读作音。
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母 读音例词
a在音后面 want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 find child light high
o在-st -ld前 most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读音例词
ar
ar在音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
warm quarter towards
or
or在音后面 forty morning short
word worker worse
er ir ur certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。
例如: carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读音例词
are [εE] care dare hare
ere here mere
ire fire hire wire
ure pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读音。
例如:parent zero story during inspirng
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读音例词
ai/ay afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 small ball talk wall all
always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw autumn daughter draw
ea teach easy cheap please
heavy bread sweater weather
break great
ear hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
earth learn early
ee jeep week green three
eer pioneer deer beer
ei/ey eight neighbour they
either key
eu/ew在
j l r s后 new few newspaper
flew brew jewelry
ie/ei音之后 piece field receive
oa coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor roar board door floor
oi/oy noise point boy toilet
oo broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow flower house count down
know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
group you soup
our course your four
our hour ours
journey
ui
在j l r s后 fluid suicide tuition
juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群 读音例词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读音或。
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 question suggestion
-sten listen
-stle whistle
-sure pleasure measure
-ture picture culture
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如:
everyday handbag[æ] blackboard
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如:
sun太阳 + day日子 > Sunday 星期天
holy神圣 + day日子 > holiday 假日
break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板 > cupboard 碗柜
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组 读音例词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
c c在e前或在i/y前 cake picture coat music
face decide cinema
ch much chick rich teacher
school headache chemistry
machine
-ck cock pocket black knock
d doctor bread hand day
-dge bridge fridge
dr- children driver drink
f five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
orange large German
gh cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -gue
gu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j jeep jar joke join July
k kind bike skate make week
kn- knife know knock
l life milk school tall
m monkey come autumn
-mn autumn column solemn
nn在 音前 not shine ten note
uncle thank hungry
-ng morning young wrong
p paper plane pig ship pen
ph elephant photo telephone
q Iraq
qu- quality quite
r red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 sit sleep desk
music husband
sc- scarlet
muscle science
sh she fish shirt wash
t 在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 ten letter meet
patient nation
tch watch
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
the these with than
clothe fathe r weather
tr- tree train country truck
v very voice love leave
w week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-
wh-在字母o前 what when white why
who whose whole
x在重读元音前 box text exercise
example exist exact
wr- write
y yes yard yellow young
z puzzle zero zoo
单词划分规律口诀
辅音原音为一组,
没有元音辅单独。
元音开头元单独,
其他还按正常读。
遇组合算一个,
最后牢记慢拼读。
单词读音记忆法
1看元辅
2找组
3划音节
4标注
5要(切末)牢记慢拼读
单词发音要点口诀
短音要点:短快弹
长音要点:长粘慢
双圆音要饱满
辅音结尾轻轻谈
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