【经典名著阅读】《红字》第二十四章
Chapter 24 Conclusion第二十四章 尾声
After many days, when time sufficed for the people to arrange their thoughts in reference to the foregoing scene, there was more than one account of what had been witnessed on the scaffold.过了许多天，人们总算有了充分的时间来调整有关那件事的看法，于是对于他们所看到的刑台上的情景就有了多种说法。
Most of the spectators testified to having seen, on the breast of the unhappy minister, a SCARLET LETTER--the very semblance of that worn by Hester Prynne--imprinted in the flesh. As regarded its origin, there were various explanations, all of which must necessarily have been conjectural. Some affirmed that the Reverend Mr. Dimmesdale, on the very day when Hester Prynne first wore her ignominious badge, had begun a course of penance,--which he afterwards, in so many futile methods, followed out,--by inflicting a hideous torture on himself. Others contended that the stigma had not been produced until a long time subsequent, when old Roger Chillingworth, being a potent necromancer, had caused it to appear, through the agency of magic and poisonous drugs. Others, again,--and those best able to appreciate the minister's peculiar sensibility, and the wonderful operation of his spirit upon the body,--whispered their belief, that the awful symbol was the effect of the ever active tooth of remorse, gnawing from the inmost heart outwardly, and at last manifesting Heaven's dreadful judgment by the visible presence of the letter. The reader may choose among these theories. We have thrown all the light we could acquire upon the portent, and would gladly, now that it has done its office, erase its deep print out of our own brain; where long meditation has fixed it in very undesirable distinctness.许多在场的人断言，他们在那个不幸的牧师的胸前看到了一个嵌在肉里的红字，与海丝特·白兰所佩戴的十分相似。至于其来源，则有着种种解释，当然都是些臆测。一些人一日咬定，丁梅斯代尔牧师先生自从海丝特·白兰戴上那耻辱的徽记的第一天开始，就进行他的苦修，随后一直用各色各样的劳而无功的方法，对自己施加骇人的折磨。另一些人则争诊说，那烙印是经过很长时间之后，由那个有法力的巫师老罗杰·齐灵渥斯，靠着魔法和毒剂的力量，才把它显示出来的。还有一些人是最能理解牧师的特殊的敏感和他的精神对肉体的奇妙作用的，他们悄悄提出看法，认为那可怕的象征是悔恨的牙齿从内心向外不停地咬啮的结果，最后才由这个有形的字母宣告了上天的可怕的裁决。读者可以从这几种说法中自行选择。关于这件怪事，我们所能掌握的情况已经全都披露了，既然这一任务已经完成，而长时间的思考已在我们的头脑中印下了并非我们所愿的清晰印象，我们倒很高兴把这深深的印记抹掉。
It is singular, nevertheless, that certain persons, who were spectators of the whole scene, and professed never once to have removed their eyes from the Reverend Mr. Dimmesdale, denied that there was any mark whatever on his breast, more than on a new-born infant's. Neither, by their report, had his dying words acknowledged, nor even remotely implied, any, the slightest connection, on his part, with the guilt for which Hester Prynne had so long worn the scarlet letter. According to these highly respectable witnesses, the minister, conscious that he was dying,--conscious, also, that the reverence of the multitude placed him already among saints and angels,--had desired, by yielding up his breath in the arms of that fallen woman, to express to the world how utterly nugatory is the choicest of man's own righteousness. After exhausting life in his efforts for mankind's spiritual good, he had made the manner of his death a parable, in order to impress on his admirers the mighty and mournful lesson, that, in the view of Infinite Purity, we are sinners all alike. It was to teach them, that the holiest among us has but attained so far above his fellows as to discern more clearly the Mercy which looks down, and repudiate more utterly the phantom of human merit, which would look aspiringly upward. Without disputing a truth so momentous, we must be allowed to consider this version of Mr. Dimmesdale's story as only an instance of that stubborn fidelity with which a man's friends--and especially a clergyman's--will sometimes uphold his character; when proofs, clear as the mid-day sunshine on the scarlet letter, establish him a false and sin-stained creature of the dust.不过，也有一些从头至尾都在场的人持有异议，他们声明，他们的跟睛始终没离开道丁梅斯代尔牧师先生，但他们否认曾经在他胸脯上看到有任何表记，那上面和新生婴儿的胸脯一样光洁。据他们讲，他的临终致辞，既没有承认，也没有丝毫暗示，他同海丝特·白兰长期以来戴着的红字所代表的罪过有过些微的牵连。按照这些极其值得尊敬的证人的说法，牧师意识到自己形将辞世，也意识到了众人已经把他尊崇到圣者和天使中间，于是便希望能在那堕落的女人的怀抱中咽气，以便向世界表明，一个人类的精英的正直是多么微不足道。他在竭力为人类的精神的美好耗尽了生命之后，又以他自己死的方式作为一种教谕，用这个悲恸有力的教训使他的崇拜者深信：在无比纯洁的上帝的心目中，我们都是相差无几的罪人。他要教育他们：我们当中最神圣的人无非比别人高得能够更清楚地分辨俯视下界的仁慈的上帝，能够更彻底地否定一般人翘首企望的人类功绩的幻影。对这样一个事关重大的真理，我们毋庸争辩，不过，应该允许我们把有关丁梅斯代尔先生的故事的这种说法，仅仅看作是那种墨守忠诚的实例，证明一个人的朋友们——尤其是一个牧师的朋友们，即使在证据确凿得如同正午的阳光照在红字上一般，指明他是尘埃中一个虚伪和沾满罪恶的生物时，有时还要维护他的人格。
The authority which we have chiefly followed--a manuscript of old date, drawn up from the verbal testimony of individuals, some of whom had known Hester Prynne, while others had heard the tale from contemporary witnesses--fully confirms the view taken in the foregoing pages. Among many morals which press upon us from the poor minister's miserable experience, we put only this into a sentence:--"Be true! Be true! Be true! Show freely to the world, if not your worst, yet some trait whereby the worst may be inferred!"我们这篇故事所依据的权威性素材，是记载了许多人口述的一部古旧书稿，其中有些人曾经认识海丝特·白兰，另一些人则从当时的目击者口中听说了这个故事，该书稿完全证实了前面诸页所取的观点。从那可怜的牧师的悲惨经历中，我们可以汲取许多教训，但我们只归结为一句话：“要真诚！要真诚！一定要真诚！即使不把你的最坏之处无所顾忌地显示绘世人，至少也要流露某些迹象，让别人借以推断出你的最坏之处！”
Nothing was more remarkable than the change which took place, almost immediately after Mr. Dimmesdale's death, in the appearance and demeanour of the old man known as Roger Chillingworth. All his strength and energy--all his vital and intellectual force--seemed at once to desert him; insomuch that he positively withered up, shrivelled away, and almost vanished from mortal sight, like an uprooted weed that lies wilting in the sun. This unhappy man had made the very principle of his life to consist in the pursuit and systematic exercise of revenge; and when, by its completest triumph and consummation, that evil principle was left with no further material to support it,--when, in short, there was no more devil's work on earth for him to do, it only remained for the unhumanized mortal to betake himself whither his Master would find him tasks enough, and pay him his wages duly. But, to all these shadowy beings, so long our near acquaintances,--as well Roger Chillingworth as his companions,--we would fain be merciful. It is a curious subject of observation and inquiry, whether hatred and love be not the same thing at bottom. Each, in its utmost development, supposes a high degree of intimacy and heart-knowledge; each renders one individual dependent for the food of his affections and spiritual life upon another; each leaves the passionate lover, or the no less passionate hater, forlorn and desolate by the withdrawal of his object. Philosophically considered, therefore, the two passions seem essentially the same, except that one happens to be seen in a celestial radiance, and the other in a dusky and lurid glow. In the spiritual world, the old physician and the minister--mutual victims as they have been--may, unawares, have found their earthly stock of hatred and antipathy transmuted into golden love.最引人注目的是，丁梅斯代尔先生死后不久，在被叫作罗杰·齐灵渥斯的那老人容貌和举止上所发生的变化。他的全部体力和精力——他的全部活力和智力，象是立即抛弃了他；以致他明显地凋谢了，枝萎了，几乎如同拔出地面、绘太阳晒蔫的野草一般从人们眼界中消失了。这个不快的人给自己的生活确立的准则是不断地按部就班地执行他的复仇计划；但是，当他取得了彻底的胜利和完满的结果，那一邪恶的准则再也没有物质来支撑的时候，简言之，当他在世上再也没有魔鬼给的任务可进行的时候，这个没有人性曲人只有到他的主中那里去谋职并领取相应的报酬了。然而，对于所有这些阴影式的人物，只要是我们的熟人——不管是罗杰·齐灵渥斯，抑或是他的伙伴，我们还不得不显示点仁慈。一个值得探讨的、引人人胜的课题是：恨和爱，归根结底是不是同一的东西。二者在发展到极端时，都必须是高度的密不可分和息患相通；二者都可以使一个人向对方谋求爱慕和精神生活的食粮；二者在完成其课题之后，都能够将自己热爱的人或痛恨的人同样置于孤寂凄凉的境地。因此，从哲学上看，这两种感情在本质上似乎是相同的，只不过一种刚好显现于神圣的天光中，而另一种则隐蔽在晦暗的幽光里。老医生和牧师这两个事实上相互成为牺牲品的人，在神灵的世界中，或许会．不知不觉地发现他俩在尘世所贮藏的怨恨和厌恶变成了黄金般的热爱。
Leaving this discussion apart, we have a matter of business to communicate to the reader. At old Roger Chillingworth's decease (which took place within the year), and by his last will and testament, of which Governor Bellingham and the Reverend Mr. Wilson were executors, he bequeathed a very considerable amount of property, both here and in England, to little Pearl, the daughter of Hester Prynne.我们先把这一讨论撇在一旁，把一件正事通报给读者。不出一年，老罗杰·齐灵渥斯便死了；根据他的最后意愿和遗嘱——贝灵汉总督和威尔逊牧师先生是其执行人——，他把一笔数目可观的遗产，包括在此地和在英国的，都留给了海丝特·白兰的女儿，小珠儿。
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