世博与文化：阿根廷“国母”贝隆夫人
http://f1.hjfile.cn/file/201006/donot_cry_for_me_argentina.mp3
昨天，为庆祝上海世博会阿根廷国家馆日和阿根廷独立建国200周年，阿根廷馆特别准备了贝隆夫人的照片、项链、胸针等当地博物馆的珍藏。它们将是未来5个月中，阿根廷馆的镇馆之宝。
贝隆夫人是谁？为什么在阿根廷人心中有如此重要的地位？让我们来看看她传奇的一生：
María Eva Duarte de Perón (7 May 1919 – 26 July 1952) was the second wife of President Juan Perón and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952.
伊娃·贝隆是阿根廷总统胡安·贝隆的第二任妻子，1946年到1952年她去世之间都是阿根廷第一夫人。
She was born out of wedlock in the village of Los Toldos in rural Argentina in 1919, the fourth of five children. In 1934, at the age of 15, she went to the nation's capital of Buenos Aires, where she pursued a career as a stage, radio, and film actress. Eva met Colonel Juan Perón on January 22, 1944, in Buenos Aires during a charity event at the Luna Park Stadium to benefit the victims of an earthquake in San Juan, Argentina. The two were married the following year. In 1946, Juan Perón was elected President of Argentina. Over the course of the next six years, Eva Perón became powerful within the pro-Peronist trade unions, essentially for speaking on behalf of labor rights. She also ran the Ministries of Labor and Health, founded and ran the charitable Eva Perón Foundation, championed women's suffrage in Argentina, and founded and ran the nation's first large-scale female political party, the Female Peronist Party.
她1919年生于阿根廷一个偏远山区，是家中的第四个孩子。1934年在她15岁的时候，她就只身前往首都布鲁诺斯艾利斯开始了自己的演艺生涯。十年以后，她在一场慈善会上遇到后来的丈夫胡安贝隆，两人于第二年结婚。1946年，胡安当选阿根廷总统。在随后的六年当中，贝隆夫人逐渐在政坛崭露头角，并以为劳工阶层的利益奔走著称。她出任劳工部部长，并成立了伊娃·贝隆基金会，用以救助贫困、为妇女争取权利，成立了阿根廷第一个妇女政党。
In 1951, Eva Perón accepted the Peronist nomination for the office of Vice President of Argentina. In this bid, she received great support from the Peronist political base, low-income and working class Argentines who were referred to as descamisados or "shirtless ones". However, opposition from the nation's military and elite, coupled with her declining health, ultimately forced her to withdraw her candidacy. In 1952 shortly before her death from cancer at the age of 33, Eva Perón was given the official title of "Spiritual Leader of the Nation" by the Argentine Congress.
1951年，贝隆夫人接受提名、试图竞选阿根廷副总统。她受到了低收入人群和劳工阶层的广泛支持。但最终，由于军队和精英阶层的强烈反对，并且她的健康状况每况愈下，她最终退出了竞选。1952年，在她死前不久，33岁的时候，她被阿根廷国会授予“国家精神领袖”的称号。
1996年，麦当娜出演以贝隆夫人命名的歌舞电影《Evita》，一时激起阿根廷国内民众一片愤然。但电影中的名曲《阿根廷别为我哭泣》Don't cry for me Argentina 终成经典，跨越国界时间为人所传唱。让人感慨这位传奇女性的伟大一生。
(本文由沪江原创，仅供腾讯世博英语专题独家转载)
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