英语自学网 发表于 2016-7-9 17:41:39

透析英语重难点语法:as, which 非限定性定语从句

  由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and
that.As一般放在句首,which在句中。例如:
          As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。
          The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
太阳使地球暖起来,这对我们人类很重要。
          典型例题
          1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
          A. it  B. that  C. which  D. he
          答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which.,it 和he
都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
          2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could
expect.
          A. what B. which C. that D. it
          答案B.which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That
不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
          3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park……
          A. that B. which  C. as  D. it
          答案B. as
和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:
          (1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。
          (2) as
代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B.
          as 的用法
          例1. the same…as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。例如:
          I have got into the same trouble as he (has)。 我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。
          例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'.例如:
          As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。
          As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.
          As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。
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