奥巴马医改可能导致医保费用增加 (2/2)
概述：奥巴马医改在短期内可让需要医保的公民获益，但如果不经改革，长期内可能导致医保支出面临通胀压力，从而影响到每个人。Hints:
Condeluci
Obamacare
Massachusetts
Mitt Romney
Romneycare
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http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201310/201310131252114395257.mp3That's why the health care law mandates that even young healthy individuals must enroll to share the costs, or pay a fine. But Condeluci says because it is now illegal for insurance companies to refuse coverage, many healthy people may just pay the 95-dollar fine, or 1% of their salary whichever is greater, and then join a plan if they become sick.
"There's a bit of a moral hazard. Somebody goes without health insurance, but yet can get it when they get sick. That results in adverse selection or that results in higher utilization of medical services which raises costs for everybody across the board."
Obamacare is based on the successful system developed in Massachusetts under then Republican Governor Mitt Romney. But Romneycare, as it is called, can impose greater penalties for non-compliance.
Condeluci says reforms are needed to make Obamacare economically viable in the long run. But in these politically divisive times, they are unlikely to be enacted.这就是为什么医保法案强制要求即使是健康的年轻人也必须参与分担医保成本，否则会支付罚款。
但是康德路奇表示，由于保险公司拒绝保险项目是违法的，因此很多健康的人可能只选择支付95美元或工资的1%作为罚款，然后等有了病再参加医保。罚款按两者中较高者计算。
“这样做有一定的道德风险。某些人没有医疗保险，但当他们生病的时候却能得到保险金。这样导致了逆向选择或者会导致更高的医疗服务利用率，进而抬高了所有人员的医疗成本。”
奥巴马医改是基于美国东北部马萨诸塞州施行成功的医保系统基础之上。马萨诸塞州当年是在共和党州长米特罗姆尼的领导下。但被称之为的罗姆尼医保对不投保的人处以更多的罚金。
康德路奇说，奥巴马医保需要改革使其在经济上能长期存活。但是在这些政治分歧不断的时刻，医改法案难以制定。
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