【TED演讲】教师需要真实的反馈（2/6）
Until recently, many teachers only got one word of feedback a year: “satisfactory.” And with no feedback, no coaching, there’s just no way to improve. Bill Gates suggests that even great teachers can get better with smart feedback -- and lays out a program from his foundation to bring it to every classroom.Hints:
Iceland
Poland
听写以音频为准
http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201309/201309211006512874973.mp3Let's start by asking who's doing well. Well, unfortunately there's no international ranking tables for teacher feedback systems. So I looked at the countries whose students perform well academically, and looked at what they're doing to help their teachers improve. Consider the rankings for reading proficiency. The U.S. isn't number one. We're not even in the top 10. We're tied for 15th with Iceland and Poland. Now, out of all the places that do better than the U.S. in reading, how many of them have a formal system for helping teachers improve? 11 out of 14. The U.S. is tied for 15th in reading, but we're 23rd in science and 31st in math. So there's really only one area where we're near the top, and that's in failing to give our teachers the help they need to develop their skills. Let's look at the best academic performer: the province of Shanghai, China. Now, they rank number one across the board, in reading, math and science, and one of the keys to Shanghai's incredible success is the way they help teachers keep improving. They made sure that younger teachers get a chance to watch master teachers at work. They have weekly study groups, where teachers get together and talk about what's working. They even require each teacher to observe and give feedback to their colleagues.首先一个问题：谁是评估系统的领先者？遗憾的是，教师反馈系统并没有国际性的排名。于是我找到那些学生成绩非常好的国家，并研究了这些国家是如何帮助他们的教师提高教学水平的。我们来看阅读水平的排名，我们美国并不是第一，甚至不是前10。我们和冰岛、波兰并列15位。我们来看，所有排名高于美国的国家，有几个是有正式的评估系统来帮助教师提高的？14个中有11个。我们阅读水平并列排15，而科学排23位，数学是31位。只有一项领域我们是接近第一，那就是无法给老师提供发展自身所需要的帮助。我们来看最好的学生，来自中国上海。他们在阅读，数学和科学的水平都排到榜单第一，并且上海取得惊人成功的关键因素之一就是他们一直在促进教师的进步。他们确保每个年轻教师要听资深老师的课。他们每周都有小组学习，教师们可以彼此分享教学经验。他们甚至要求每个老师都要听同事的课并给予反馈。
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