【美国人物志】 芭芭拉·麦克林托克(1/10)
芭芭拉·麦克林托克是一位女科学家。她于1902年6月16日出生于美国康涅狄格州的哈特福德。1923年在康乃尔大学农学院获理学学士学位，1927年获植物学博士学位。在20世纪20~30年代，麦克林托克主要在康乃尔大学从事玉米遗传学的研究。Hints：
Barbara McClintock
Hartford
Connecticut
Brooklyn
New York City
Cornell University
Ithaca
New York
Gregor Mendel
http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201308/201308311246298908276.mp3Barbara McClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford, Connecticut. Barbara was the third of four children. Her family moved to the Brooklyn area of New York City in 1908. Barbara was an active child with interests in sports and music. She also developed an interest in science. She studied science at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to receive training in genetics in 1921. Years later, she noted that few college students wanted to study genetics.
In the early 1920s, genetics had not received widespread acceptance as a subject. Only 20 years had passed since scientists re-discovered the theories of heredity. Gregor Mendel proposed these ideas after completing a series of experiments with plants. His experiments helped scientists better understand how genes operate. They showed how genetic qualities are passed to living things from their ancestors.芭芭拉·麦克林托克于1902生于康乃迪克州的哈特福特。芭芭拉是四个孩子中的第三个。她家在1908年搬到纽约的布鲁克林地区。芭芭拉是个活分的孩子，热爱体育和音乐。她同样在科学方面发展了兴趣。她在纽约伊萨卡岛康奈尔大学学习科学。芭芭拉是将要继续接受基因学教育的那一小批本科生之一。多年之后，她注意到很少有大学生乐于学习基因学。
在20世纪20年代，基因学没能作为一个学科被广泛接受。那时候距离科学家重新发现基因学定律仅20年。格里哥·孟德尔在对植物进行了一系列的试验后证明了这一观点。他的实验帮助科学家对基因的运行有了更深的理解。他们展示了基因性状是如何从祖先代代相传的。
翻译by:joy19920531
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