听，大脑的声音
加利福尼亚一组科学家正在研究如何将脑电波“翻译”成你我能听懂的语言。Hints:
Robert Knight
the Cognitive Neuroscience Research Laboratory
University of California, Berkeley
temporal lobe
Wernicke
主持：飘非烟
校对&翻译：dramatic150
答疑：huangmei92http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201202/201202010818179294819.mp3If your brain could talk, what would it sound like? Maybe something like this.
That's a recording made by a team of scientists in California, who programmed a computer to analyse brain waves to create sound. The ultimate idea is that people, who, for some reason, can't speak, could eventually be able to communicate, their brain waves being used to construct sounds - words, because it seems every word has its own distinct brain wave. Professor Robert Knight from the Cognitive Neuroscience Research Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley, is the lead scientist behind the research.
"There's an area in the human brain in the back part of the temporal lobe. It's called Wernicke's area, named after a neurologist from 150 years ago, that if you, you know - God forbid - get a stroke in that area, you lose your ability to understand the word and word meaning. So we targeted that area and recorded with electrodes right over that area because we thought that's probably where the action was gonna be. And then basically, so we have all these electrical signals coming out from these electrodes, and in some patients we had up to 256 electrodes. And the electrodes were tucked pretty tightly spaced - they were about four millimetres apart. And basically, the sound comes in, let's say soccer for instance, soccer comes in, and we record the electrical activity, and we try different mathematical algorithms to see which one would best allow us to really match all the acoustic features of soccer: the high frequency, the low frequency, the, you know, the cadence of the word."如果你的大脑能说话，那它会发出怎样的声音？也许像这样。
这个录音是由加州一组科学家录制的。他们对一台电脑进行编程，使其能够通过分析脑波发出声响。终极目标是使因为某些原因不能说话的人们最后能够与人交流。而方法就是用他们的脑波构建声音——也即词组，因为好像每个词都有独特的脑波。来自加州大学伯克利分校认知神经科学研究工作实验室的罗伯特·奈特教授是这次研究的带头科学家。
“人脑颞叶后部有个区域叫做韦尼克区，这是以150年前的一名神经专家的名字命名的。如果你在那个地方中风了——不过希望实际情况千万不要这样——你将失去明白词汇和词义的能力。所以我们将目标锁定那个区域，并用放在那个区域上方的电极记录，我们相信那个地方很可能就是活动发生区。我们基本上搜集了所有从电极释放出来的电子信号，而且在有些病人体内我们放置了256个电极。电极放置紧密，每两个电极的距离只有4毫米。声音基本上都能进入并且被记录，让我们拿足球来作比方。足球进来，我们记录了电子活动，我们使用不同算法寻找足球声音特性的最佳匹配：高频，低频，还有你知道的，词汇的节奏。”
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