词语掌故：与农场有关的表达(1/2)
概述：大家知道农场这个词的来历吗？一起来看看它的历史吧。Hints:
firma
hawthorn
校对：Season111
翻译：wintervest
注解：wintervest
组长：ldzh43
答疑：常小猫http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201206/201206261224437513013.mp3In the early days of human history, people survived by hunting wild animals, or gathering wild grains and plants for food. Then, some people learned to grow crops and raise animals for food. They were the first farmers.
Since the 16th century, the word farm has meant agricultural land. But a much older meaning of the word farm is linked to economics. The word farm comes from the Latin word, firma, which means an unchanging payment.
Experts say the earliest meaning of the English word farm was a yearly payment made as a tax or rent.
Farmers in early England did not own their land. They paid every year to use agricultural lands.
In England, farmers used hawthorn trees along the edges of property. They called this row of hawthorns a hedge.
Hedging fields was how careful farmers marked and protected them.
Soon, people began to use the word hedging to describe steps that could be taken to protect against financial loss.
Hedging is common among gamblers who make large bets. A gambler bets a lot of money on one team. But, to be on the safe side, he also places a smaller bet on the other team, to reduce a possible loss.在人类历史的初期，人们只能靠狩猎野兽或者采集野生作物为生。后来，一些人学会了耕种和豢养家畜，并以之为食，他们就是最原始的农民。
从16世纪开始，“farm”这个词就表示农用地了，但它还曾与经济有关。它来源于拉丁文“firma”，意思是“固定支出”。
专家称英文中“farm”这个词最早的意思是“年付的税费或租金”。
早期英格兰的农民并没有自己的土地，每年都得花钱来租地耕种。
在英格兰，农民们在土地的边缘种上成排的山楂树，并称之为篱笆。
设想周到的农民围起田地来标记和保护自己的土地。
后来，人们就开始用“hedging”来形容那些可以防止经济受损的措施。
"Hedging"在大量下注的赌徒中也很常见。赌徒在一方押下大量资金时，为了安全起见，他也会在另一边押上少量的赌资以减少可能的损失。
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