灾后一年的日本(1/2)
概括：灾后一年的日本情况。Hints:
tsunami
Honshu
Fukushima-Daiichi
Tokyo
标准美音
Steve Herman
becquerel
Soviet Union
Chernobyl
注：因口误，切尔诺贝利核事故于1986年发生，故文本中已改成1986。
翻译：wintervest
校对：Season111
组长：小章丶Cat
答疑：常小猫http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201203/201203130723319804102.mp3This Sunday is the first anniversary of the major earthquake and tsunami in Japan. It led to one of the worst nuclear accidents ever.
The quake struck near the east coast of Honshu, Japan's main island. It was one of the most powerful ever recorded -- a magnitude nine. A wall of water struck the land.
20,000 people died, mostly from the tsunami. More than 250,000 buildings were destroyed. Nearly 400,000 people were left homeless.
Some rebuilding has begun. But many people are still in temporary housing.
Three reactors at the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power station suffered meltdowns. During the crisis, some government officials even considered urging people to leave Tokyo. VOA's Steve Herman reported on the disaster.
"I was among those near the atomic power facility on the 15th of March when, unknown to the public, an estimated 10 million becquerels per hour of radioactive substances spewed from the three crippled reactors. For days, I and millions of people in Japan absorbed significantly higher doses of radiation than we normally would have been exposed to."
Radioactive material spread over an area that includes some of Japan's most valuable farmland. Officials say 81,000 hectares of farmland are too heavily irradiated to let farmers plant rice. Vegetable, fruit and dairy farms also are affected.
Japan's government has been seeking advice from foreign scientists about how to reduce the radiation levels. Some of the scientists are from the former Soviet Union, site of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident.本周日是日本地震海啸一周年纪念日，而这场地震所引发的核事故也是有史以来最为严重的灾害之一。
地震发生在日本本岛的本州岛东海岸附近，这也是人类历史上最为强烈的几次地震之一，震级达到了9级，还引发了遮天蔽日般的海啸。
这场灾害中共有两万人丧生，其中大部分死于海啸。还有超过二十五万幢房屋被毁，近40万人无家可归。
有些重建工作已经开始，但还是有许多人仍居住在临时住所里。
福岛第一核电站共有三座反应堆熔毁。在这场事故中，一些政府官员甚至考虑过号召人民迁出东京。以下是VOA记者史蒂夫•赫曼关于这场灾害的报道。
“3月15号那天，我深入到了核设施附近的居民中去，可是那时人们并不知道，每小时都有活度可达上千万贝克勒尔的放射性物质从三座毁坏的反应堆中流出。在那几天里，我和数百万日本人民都受到了比正常高得多的辐射剂量。”
放射性物质流经的地方包括了日本最富饶的几片田地。官方称有8.1万公顷农田的辐射超标，无法种植水稻。蔬菜、水果和奶牛养殖业也受到了影响。
日本政府正在向外国科学家征询降低辐射水平的方法。其中一些前苏联科学家还曾经历过1986年的切尔诺贝利核事故。
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