【美国习语】74 抹黑策略，负面竞选
【节目介绍】:本节目每天早上9点更新，介绍美国的习惯用语，让大家有更开阔的语言视角。适合各个阶层的人学习，难度中等。大家只要听写出音频中的例句就可以了，本期一共四段例句。听写不需要打引号，句子间也不用编序号。音频中听到的所有习语，提交后都均可在译文部分找到。Hints:
Harry Truman
President
The Buck Stops Here
校对：trans0829
答疑：常小猫
节目当天有疑问请在下面留言框留言，会在24小时内得到解答。若听写材料并非当日，课向答疑的沪江主页留言或者发送短消息，将会尽早的得到解答。由于发过的节目不会每期都回头再浏览，请见谅这项措施。谢谢大家的支持！让我们的英语一起成长！http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201202/201202200330128595261.mp3I'm not going to play the blame game and say who's at fault that so many people are out of work. But I have to tell you my opponent did vote against three bills to create new jobs.
Harry Truman, who was President from 1945 to 1952, was one man who did not play the blame game. He had a sign on his desk: The Buck Stops Here.
A listener just called in to ask what I mean by negative campaigning. Well, it means a candidate's main strategy is to tell voters how bad the other guy is instead of talking about how good he is himself.
Some political observers say that negative campaigning isn't working this year -- that voters want to hear positive ideas about how to create new jobs and give people better health care.blame game
negative campaigning
各位听众，美国选民每四年不仅要选举一位总统，而且还要选举四百三十五名国会议员、至少三十三名参议员以及在州一级和基层的许多官员。在竞选的过程中，每个候选人为了当选总是想方设法地抬高自己，贬低别人。他们用的策略之一就是：blame game。
Blame是责怪或指责的意思，game在这里是指策略或手法。Blame game是候选人把造成某些社会问题的责任推到竞选对手身上去的手法，那怕他明明知道这是他自己的责任。下面这位候选人对选民说的话就是个例子：
"I'm not going to play the blame game and say who's at fault that so many people are out of work. But I have to tell you my opponent did vote against three bills to create new jobs."
这句话的意思是："我不会把造成那么多人失业的责任推给别人，我不会使用那种推卸责任的把戏。但是，我得告诉你们，在国会就三项有关创造新就业机会的提案投票时，我的对手投的是反对票。"
下面这个例子是对杜鲁门总统的评论：
"Harry Truman, who was President from 1945 to 1952, was one man who did not play the blame game. He had a sign on his desk: The Buck Stops Here."
这是说："杜鲁门从1945到1952年担任美国总统。他是一个不推卸责任的人，他的桌子上有一块牌子，上面写着‘我负责'这几个字。"
和blame game相似的一个俗语是：negative campaigning。Negative是反面的意思，campaigning就是竞选。那么，什么是negative campaigning呢？下面这句话就回答了这个问题：
"A listener just called in to ask what I mean by negative campaigning. Well, it means a candidate's main strategy is to tell voters how bad the other guy is instead of talking about how good he is himself."
他说："一位听众刚才打电话来问什么是negative campaigning。Negative campaigning的意思是一个候选人采用的主要策略是告诉选民他的对手是如何的坏，而不是说自己是如何如何的好。"
下面是另一个例子:
"Some political observers say that negative campaigning isn't working this year -- that voters want to hear positive ideas about how to create new jobs and give people better health care."
这句话是说："有些政治观察家说，尽力贬低对方的反面竞选方式今年行不通。选民们要听有积极意义的主意，像如何增加就业机会、为公众提供更好的保健措施等。"
今天我们给听众介绍了两个美国人在竞选时用的俗语，一个是blame game。Blame game就是一个候选人在竞选过程中企图把造成一些社会问题的责任推给对方，尽管他明知道那是他自己的责任。我们今天讲的第二个俗语是negative campaigning。Negative campaigning就是候选人集中力量讲对手的缺点，以此来抬高自己。
[美国习惯用语」第七十六讲就到里。欢迎下次再一起来学习美国习惯用语。再见。
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