【美国人物志】曼哈顿计划的领导者：奥本海默和费米 (5/10)
罗伯特•奥本海默（J. Robert Oppenheimer，1904年4月22日—1967年2月18日），美国犹太人物理学家，曼哈顿计划的主要领导者之一，被誉为“原子弹之父”。恩里科•费米（意大利语：Enrico Fermi，1901年9月29日－1954年11月28日），美籍意大利裔物理学家，1938年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。他被称为现代物理学的最后一位通才，对理论物理学和实验物理学均做出了重大贡献。他是量子力学和量子场论的创立者之一。他首创了弱相互作用（β衰变）的费米理论，负责设计建造了世界首座自持续链式裂变核反应堆。他还是曼哈顿计划的主要领导者。以他的名字命名的有费米黄金定则、费米-狄拉克统计、费米子、费米面、费米液体及费米常数等等。
Hints:
J. Robert Oppenheimer
Atomic Energy Commissionhttp://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201211/201211190609151356435.mp3J. Robert Oppenheimer's life and work were affected deeply by Americans intense fear of Communism in the 1950s.
Mister Oppenheimer made an easy target for suspicious critics. His wife had once been a Communist. Some of his friends were former Communists. Years earlier he had suggested sharing nuclear secrets with the Soviets. He opposed developing the hydrogen bomb.
In 1954, the Atomic Energy Commission and a special security committee moved against Mister Oppenheimer. They did not question his loyalty to the United States. However, they said his personal life made him a threat to national security.
页:
[1]