【美国人物志】曼哈顿计划的领导者：奥本海默和费米 (2/10)
罗伯特•奥本海默（J. Robert Oppenheimer，1904年4月22日—1967年2月18日），美国犹太人物理学家，曼哈顿计划的主要领导者之一，被誉为“原子弹之父”。恩里科•费米（意大利语：Enrico Fermi，1901年9月29日－1954年11月28日），美籍意大利裔物理学家，1938年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。他被称为现代物理学的最后一位通才，对理论物理学和实验物理学均做出了重大贡献。他是量子力学和量子场论的创立者之一。他首创了弱相互作用（β衰变）的费米理论，负责设计建造了世界首座自持续链式裂变核反应堆。他还是曼哈顿计划的主要领导者。以他的名字命名的有费米黄金定则、费米-狄拉克统计、费米子、费米面、费米液体及费米常数等等。
Hints:
Alamogordo
Harry Truman
World War Two
Enrico Fermi
Fascist Italy
Manhattan Project
Mister Oppenheimerhttp://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201211/201211190602168708451.mp3Less than one month after the test at Alamogordo, the United States dropped atomic bombs on two Japanese cities. President Harry Truman announced to the world about the first bomb.
The Japanese soon surrendered. World War Two ended.
Enrico Fermi had been the first to use a neutron to produce the radioactive change of one element to another. He was a refugee from Fascist Italy. He and other refugee scientists were worried that Germany was working to develop an atomic bomb. They urged the United States government to pay for a secret scientific effort, called the Manhattan Project, to create the bomb. Mister Fermi helped Mister Oppenheimer prepare the Alamogordo bomb test.
Yet later both Mister Oppenheimer and Mister Fermi spoke against further development of nuclear weapons. Both men opposed the hydrogen bomb.
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