五岁以下儿童死亡率降低(2/2)
概述：报告显示近几年来五岁以下儿童的死亡率在降低。Hints:
Ties Boerma
Sahara Desert
Tessa Wardlaw
U.N. Children's Fund
Sub-Saharan Africa
World Health Organization
校对：不睡漫漫
翻译&注解： mouse1231
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答疑： 毅力啊
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本期材料发音模仿地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11885/item/659493/http://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201209/201209220954321569347.mp3Ties Boerma notes that, in developed countries, one child in 152 dies before his or her fifth birthday. But south of the Sahara Desert, one out of nine children dies before the age of five. In Asia, the mortality rate is one in 16.
The report lists the top five causes of death among children under five worldwide. They are pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria and problems both before and during birth.
Tessa Wardlaw is with the U.N. Children's Fund. She is pleased with the progress being made in Sub-Saharan Africa. The area has the highest under-five mortality rate in the world. But she says the rate of decline in child deaths has more than doubled in Africa.
The World Health Organization says one way to solve these problems is to make sure health care services are available to women. In this way, medical problems can be avoided or treated when identified.泰斯·博尔玛指出，在发达国家，每152名儿童中只有一人死于5岁以下。但在撒哈拉沙漠以南的地区，每9名儿童中就有一人不满5岁便已夭折。在亚洲，此类死亡率是十六分之一。
报告列出了全世界导致5岁以下儿童死亡的五大原因，即肺炎、痢疾、疟疾和出生前、出生时的问题。
泰莎·沃德洛就职于联合国儿童基金会，她很高兴看到撒哈拉以南非洲地区取得了进步。该地区5岁以下儿童死亡率位列世界之最，但她说，非洲儿童死亡率下降幅度已经翻了两倍多。
世界卫生组织称解决这些问题的一个办法就是确保妇女能享受到医疗服务，这样一来，人们便能有效地避免疾病或在疾病发现之初得到及时的治疗。
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