【标准美音社论】应对萨赫勒地区粮食危机(1/2)
【标准美音社论】每天一次，是标准美音每天对东亚区广播的最后一个节目，每天22:55(BST)播出，每次三至五分钟，通常是对当天某一重大事件表态或提出问题，或号召对某事采取行动或对某一新闻人物进行褒贬。【标准美音 Editorial】04-10-2012
Responding To The Sahel Food Crisis
Photo: AFP
Image released by Oxfam shows a women pointing at the dry land in Oud Guedara. Early indicators point to a likely food crisis in 2012, with people at particularly high risk in Mauritania, Niger, Burkina Faso, Mali and Chad.
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编辑：清泷夜心
翻译：cowboy945945
HINTS：
Sahel
Sahara Desert
Mauritania
Mali
Burkina Faso,
Niger
Chad
Arabic
Famine Early Warning Systems Network
FEWS-NET
U.S. Agency for International Development
USAIDhttp://t1.g.hjfile.cn/listen/201204/201204100505486297076.Mp3The Sahel region is again facing a food insecurity crisis, with millions projected to need emergency assistance.In response to early warning indicators, the global community, including the United States, is working to head off and mitigate a humanitarian emergency in Western Africa, while building resilience against future drought.
The south-western edge of the Sahara Desert, which includes parts of Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and Chad, is known as the Sahel, an Arabic word for edge of the desert.It is an arid, exceptionally fragile ecosystem that, even in a good year, is hard-pressed to produce enough food to support its population.The Sahel suffered food insecurity crises that affected millions of people in 2005, 2009 and 2010.And by all indicators, this will not be a good year in the Sahel, especially for vulnerable households still recovering from the 2010 crisis.
Early warning monitoring, including by the Famine Early Warning Systems Network, or FEWS-NET, funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development, or USAID, provides sophisticated analysis of rainfall, harvests, market prices, climatic conditions and nutritional status.This data, coupled with on-the-ground assessments by USAID staff and other humanitarian actors across the region, point to a convergence of indicators for a developing crisis:low rainfall and water levels, poor harvests and lack of pasture, and high food prices.萨赫勒地区再次面临粮食危机，预计有数百万人需要紧急援助。作为对预先警报的回应，国际社会，包括美国在内，致力于阻止、缓和这场发生在西非的人道主义危机，并构建缓冲地带以应对进一步的干旱。
在撒哈拉沙漠的西南边缘，有一个信奉伊斯兰教的小世界；该区域涵盖了毛里塔尼亚部分地区、马里、法索、尼日尔以及乍得，被唤作萨赫勒地区。它有一个干旱、极端脆弱的生态系统，即使在风调雨顺的年份，亦很难生产足够养活当地居民的作物。萨赫勒地区在2005年，2009年以及2010年都爆发过严重的粮食危机。据测，本年度不是个好年头，尤其对那些脆弱的、尚未从2010年危机中穿过起来的农户们而言。
预先警报监控，包括饥饿预警系统网络，又称FEWS-NET，由美国国际开发署（USAID）资助，提供了对降雨、丰收、市场价、气候条件以及营养状况的详尽分析。该数据，与该署工作人员在当地开展的评估工作以及其他在该地区的人道主义救援人员的工作一道指出：以低降雨、低水位、收成不加、缺少母草以及高食品价格为特点的进一步危机将会到来。
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