2014年12月英语六级听力备考练习12
英语六级听力部分算是同学们考试时的难点吧。听力这部分不能急于求成，需要时间来练习。对于这部分同学们平时在积累词汇的基础上多加练习就可以，听的多了就能掌握技巧，距离12月份的四六级考试还有一段时间，同学每天练习一点听力，考试时听力就能取得高分了。听力音频点击下载.mp3
听力材料：
A new study says the speed and severity of climatechange could cause major damage to small Africanfarms. These farmers are already struggling to dealwith the effects of climate change. The study was released at the African Green RevolutionForum in Addis Ababa last month. It is called the 2014 African Agriculture Status Report.
David Sarfo Ameyaw was a lead producer of the report. He is a director at AGRA, the Alliancefor a Green Revolution in Africa.
"Small-scale farmers are the backbone of African agriculture. About 70-percent of the ruralpopulation in sub-Saharan Africa are small-scale farmers. They produce about 80-percent ofthe food need in Africa," said Ameyaw.
Small-scale farmers grow most of the staple crops in Africa on fields that are usually from twoto 10 hectares. Small-scale farmers in Africa are much less productive than those in othercontinents.
In African countries, farmers produce about one-point-five tons of cereal from each hectare.Farmers in many other countries produce more than five tons per hectare. Mr Ameyaw saysthere are several reasons for this difference.
"About 90-precent of these farms are rain-fed, which means that they depend on the weather.Weather is rainfall. Weather is drought. Weather is increase in temperature. They aremore exposed to these climate effects than any other part of the world. On top of that most ofthem use their own labor or family labor. They are not mechanized," he said.
The AGRA report says farmers in sub-Saharan Africa are also dealing with rising temperatures.
"It's been projected that within the next 35 years the increase in temperature will be betweenone-point-five to two-point-five degrees . This major rise in temperature brings a lotof issues to Africa food security. It is going to affect reduction in yield, which is already low –increase invulnerability to pests and diseases that will kill most of the livestock," said Ameyaw.
Climate change is also expected to affect the average length of the growing season, this couldcontinue to reduce the already low amount of crops that come from each hectare.
Mr Ameyaw says experts are urging African farmers to reduce the effects of climate change witha program called climate smart agriculture. The program includes ways to improve and care forsoil.
"We are talking about farmers being able to adopt both organic and inorganic nutrientenriching technology to improve their soil fertility. Things that we promote are the right use ofinorganic and organic fertilizer, soil tillage, the right use of cultivating the land. Putting thingslike legumes and cereals together to increase the soil nutrient content," he said.
Mr Ameyaw says these is a great possibility for agricultural growth in Africa led by small-scalefarmers.
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