Today in History-July 9
Microwave map of the cosmos2001: Scientists discover why we are here
England have
A Californian University has thrown more light on why the Big Bang works
after nearly 40 years of world-wide research.
Most scientists accept that the universe began with the Big Bang and the
existence - in equal amounts - of matter and anti-matter.
The theory has been complicated by the fact that if matter and anti-matter
were present in equal amounts they would cancel each other out and there would
not be a universe.
Experiments by Stanford University's international team of physicists have
provided the most substantial proof yet that matter and anti-matter decay at
different rates and this explains the continued predominance of matter.
This process is called charge-parity (CP) violation and derives from
research in the 1950s and 1960s by theorists like Andrei Sakharov.
The evidence for CP has rested solely on - increasingly accurate -
measurements of the different decay rates of the sub-atomic particle, neutral K
meson and its anti-particle.
Now the team working at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (Slac) has
observed CP violation in a heavier particle/anti-particle pair related to B
meson.
They made their discovery using a 1,200 tonne detector called Babar,
designed, built and operated by 600 scientists and engineers, many from the
UK.
Babar forces particles to crash into each other and simulate the effects of
the Big Bang deep under the Californian landscape.
The findings of the Slac team will be published in the journal Physical
Review Letters.
Security at the palace has been stepped up
1982: Queen fends off bedroom intruder
Artificially 1969:
The A man has broken into Buckingham Palace and spent ten minutes talking
to the Queen in her bedroom.
At around 0715 BST Michael Fagan, 31, scaled the walls around the palace
and shinned the drain-pipe up to the Queen's private apartments.
Barefooted and wearing a t-shirt the unemployed father of four evaded
electronic alarms and palace and police guards before disturbing the Queen by
opening a curtain.
Mr Fagan is already due to appear at Bow Street Magistrates' Court tomorrow
to face charges oftrespassand stealing half a bottle of wine from Buckingham
Palace on 7 June.
The Queen was only able to raise the alarm when he asked for a
cigarette.
She calmly called for a footman who held the intruder until police
arrived.
The incident happened as the armed police officer outside the royal bedroom
came off duty before his replacement - apparently out walking the dogs -
arrived.
This is the sixth breach of security at the Queen's London residence this
year and raises serious questions about how well protected she is.
Last month a man with a knife burst into the forecourt of Buckingham Palace
and last year three German tourists camped in the grounds, believing it to be
Hyde Park.
It is the first time that private royal apartments have been penetrated
since Queen Victoria's reign, although the Queen Mother disturbed an army
deserter in her bathroom during the Second World War.
Vocabulary:
trespass :wicked or wrong action; do wrong(过失;犯罪)
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