英文阅读：SPF代表什么
夏天到了，各类防晒产品都争相登场。据说有一款SPF70的防晒霜在国外面世了，那是不是说我们涂了这个防晒霜以后就可以尽情地在太阳底下活动了呢?这个SPF到底代表什么呢?真的是SPF值越高，防晒时间就越久吗?This summer, sunscreens with SPF 70 hit the market. The fair-skinned of the
world might be tempted to take this as an open invitation to slather some on,
jump onto a lounge chair and bake for 12 hours without getting burned. The
higher the number, the better, right? Before you throw caution to the wind,
though, you should know a few things about SPF. What is it, exactly? What do the
numbers mean, and how high can they go? We use sunscreen to block ultraviolet
light from damaging the skin. There are two categories of UV light -- UVA and
UVB -- that we consider in terms of sunscreen. UVB causes sunburn, and UVA has
more long-term damaging effects on the skin, like premature aging. SPF, or sun
protection factor, numbers were introduced in 1962 to measure a sunscreen's
effect against UVB rays.
To determine a sunscreen's SPF, testers round up 20 sun-sensitive people
and measure the amount of UV rays it takes them to burn without sunscreen. Then
they redo the test with sunscreen. The "with sunscreen" number is divided by the
"without sunscreen" number, and the result is rounded down to the nearest five.
This is the SPF.
SPF numbers start at 2 and have just recently reached 70. To figure out how
long you can stay in the sun with a given SPF, use this equation:
Minutes to burn without sunscreen x SPF number= maximum sun exposure
time
For example, if you burn after 10 minutes of sun exposure, an SPF of 15
will allow you to be in the sun for up to 150 minutes without burning. But
before you grab your calculator and head for the beach, you should know that
this equation is not always accurate. People usually use far less sunscreen than
the amount used in testing. In the real world, the average sun worshipper uses
half the amount of sunscreen used in the laboratory, which could result in a
sunburn in half the time.
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