2010年12月英语四级考试答案(完整版)
写作：How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?
范文:
Today in China, many families have only one child. So the children usually doted upon by all family members. Gradually some of them get used to depending on their parents and family members, as a result they lack the ability to face their lives by themselves.
There are some ways to help children to be independent. First, the child should have a chance to see the world around him individually to understand that there are various people and competitions in their lives, and learn to find his right position in the society only by individual efforts. Second, it is impossible to ask a child not to depend on parents at once.The parents may give the child enough help and space to make him feel comfortable. A child needs help from their families. Because without any help, the child may lose his faith. Thirdly, parents can help their children make their own decisions, which can challenge his ability to deal with problems. A child should be praised when he is successful or encouraged when he fails.
To be independent is vital for the children, because no parents can go with their children for the whole life. Only an independent person can live and enjoy a full and meaningful life.
阅读来源：文都教育
快速阅读
版本一：
Part Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
1.A) People instinctively seek nature in different ways.
解析：第一段最后一句直接给出关键字profound belief, whether 引导的从句对应答案中的instinctively
2.D) Things that are purchased.
解析：第二段最后一句，what is best对应题目中的prefer, that is to say作为暗示直接引出之后的things that can be bought,选择D
3.B) More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.
解析：题干中有关瑞典研究，定位到第四段第一句，结合语义，不难得出B的正确答案
4.D) are less likely to be involved in bullying
解析：A选项具有干扰性，第三段结尾给出自然熏陶能够提高学生学科水平的线索，但考虑到快速阅读题的传统，即题目顺序对应文章顺序，所以应该定位到第四段之后的内容，即大段有关bullying的段落，得出答案D。
5.B) Provide more green spaces for them.
解析：对应第八段内容，作者通过否定患儿对药物的依赖性来给出自己的建议，结合全文主旨自然环境的重要性，得出B答案
6.B) They enjoy a life of better quality.
解析：第九段第二句点出老龄人口增长的侧重点是在高质量的生活水平上，紧接着又指出绿色的生活方式是达到该种高质量生活水平的最重要因素。
7.C) access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence
解析：十一段引文中can reduce violent behavior，直接对应C选项
8.separated
解析：题干是有关人们错误观念的问题，找到倒数第三段的关键段error引导的内容，再对应到humanity and the natural world，得出separated(照抄原文separable与can重复，separable本身词义即能够分离的)
9.the wild world
解析：最后一段第二句直接命中题干，照抄the wild world即可。
10. harmony
解析：最后几段内容的小标题直接给出harmony
版本二：
1.people instinltively
2.things purchused
3.more access
4.are less
5.provide
6.they enjoy
7.access to
8.separable things
9.the wild world
10.harmony
听力：
版本一：
Part Ⅲ
Listening Comprehension
Section A
短对话(11~18)
答案及解析：
11. A) The man should visit the museums. B) She can’t stand the hot weather.
C) The beach resort is a good choice. D) She enjoys staying in Washington.
答案：D
解析：Woman最后说到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. 这表明了她待在这里很愉快，很享受待在华盛顿，故选D。
12. A) Her new responsibilities in the company.
B) What her job prospects are.
C) What the customers’ feedback is.
D) The director’s opinion of her work.
答案：D
解析：Woman说到but I wish the director would give me some feedback. 这表明了她希望得到director的意见(即反馈)，故选D。
13. A) Combine her training with dieting.
B) Repeat the training every three days.
C) Avoid excessive physical training.
D) Include weightlifting in the program.
答案：C
解析：Man以自己上次因运动(举重)过量而受伤为例，建议女士应该量力而行，避免过量运动，故选C。
14. A) When she will return home. B) Whether she can go by herself.
C) Whether she can travel by air. D) Whether she will completely recover.
答案：C
解析：Man开头就说到I’m worried about her going on a plane. 从中可知，他担心的是年老的母亲能不能乘飞机，故选C。
15. A) The woman knows how to deal with the police.
B) The woman had been fined many times before.
C) The woman had violated traffic regulations.
D) The woman is good at finding excuses.
答案：C
解析：警察开头问到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通过这句话就可以知道女士没有遵守交通规则，故选C。
16. A) Switch off the refrigerator for a while.
B) Have someone repair the refrigerator.
C) Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.
D) Buy a refrigerator of better quality.
答案：B
解析：Man说到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到You’re right.
这说明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到让这个男士来修，故选B。
17. A) He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.
B) He has got enough money to buy a house.
C) He can finally do what he has dreamed of.
D) He is moving into a bigger apartment.
答案：C
解析：Man第二句话说到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it. 表明他能实现买地建房的理想了，故选C。
18. A) She is black and blue all over.
B) She has to go to see a doctor.
C) She stayed away from work for a few days.
D) She got hurt in an accident yesterday.
答案：D
解析：Woman说的第一句话是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.从中可知这位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受伤了，但是男士认为伤势并不严重，只建议她休养几天就可以了，不必去看医生。C是较强的干扰项，应该是女士现在需要休息而不是过去已经休息了几天，故选D。
听力：
版本一：
Part Ⅲ
Listening Comprehension
Section A
短对话(11~18)
答案及解析：
11. A) The man should visit the museums. B) She can’t stand the hot weather.
C) The beach resort is a good choice. D) She enjoys staying in Washington.
答案：D
解析：Woman最后说到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. 这表明了她待在这里很愉快，很享受待在华盛顿，故选D。
12. A) Her new responsibilities in the company.
B) What her job prospects are.
C) What the customers’ feedback is.
D) The director’s opinion of her work.
答案：D
解析：Woman说到but I wish the director would give me some feedback. 这表明了她希望得到director的意见(即反馈)，故选D。
13. A) Combine her training with dieting.
B) Repeat the training every three days.
C) Avoid excessive physical training.
D) Include weightlifting in the program.
答案：C
解析：Man以自己上次因运动(举重)过量而受伤为例，建议女士应该量力而行，避免过量运动，故选C。
14. A) When she will return home. B) Whether she can go by herself.
C) Whether she can travel by air. D) Whether she will completely recover.
答案：C
解析：Man开头就说到I’m worried about her going on a plane. 从中可知，他担心的是年老的母亲能不能乘飞机，故选C。
15. A) The woman knows how to deal with the police.
B) The woman had been fined many times before.
C) The woman had violated traffic regulations.
D) The woman is good at finding excuses.
答案：C
解析：警察开头问到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通过这句话就可以知道女士没有遵守交通规则，故选C。
16. A) Switch off the refrigerator for a while.
B) Have someone repair the refrigerator.
C) Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.
D) Buy a refrigerator of better quality.
答案：B
解析：Man说到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到You’re right.
这说明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到让这个男士来修，故选B。
17. A) He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.
B) He has got enough money to buy a house.
C) He can finally do what he has dreamed of.
D) He is moving into a bigger apartment.
答案：C
解析：Man第二句话说到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it. 表明他能实现买地建房的理想了，故选C。
18. A) She is black and blue all over.
B) She has to go to see a doctor.
C) She stayed away from work for a few days.
D) She got hurt in an accident yesterday.
答案：D
解析：Woman说的第一句话是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.从中可知这位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受伤了，但是男士认为伤势并不严重，只建议她休养几天就可以了，不必去看医生。C是较强的干扰项，应该是女士现在需要休息而不是过去已经休息了几天，故选D。
长对话(19~25)
答案及解析：
19. What do we learn about the woman?
答案：D) She was a witness to the crime.
解析：文中男士需要女士描述一下抢劫银行的人(describe the man who robbed the bank)。选项中B提到了robbery，但是对话中没有说明女士是受害者(victim);D选项提到了她目击了某个犯罪经过，robbery显然是crime的一种。
20. What did the suspect look like?
答案：A) A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.
解析：原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.，对应选项A。
21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do?
答案：A) Identify the suspect from pictures.
解析：对话结尾处，男士要求女士look at some photographs，很显然，他的目的是让女士通过照片来辨别嫌疑人。因此选择A。
22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy?
答案：A) By reading a newspaper ad.
解析： job vacancy指空缺的职位。在对话一开始，女士就说到她的目的：I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.从这句话中可以看出她得知职位信息的来源是the paper last night，对应A选项。
23. Why did the woman find the job appealing?
答案：B) She could work close to her family.
解析：本题关键词是appealing，意为引起兴趣的。女士提到她喜欢这份工作的原因是be near to the family.，close是near的同义替换词，因此选择B选项。
24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva?
答案：C) Working as a secretary.
解析：女士提到她在日内瓦做了一些secretarial work，也就是选项C中的secretary。虽然她也提到之前在大学学习，但是她取得的学位是a degree in English，而非选项D中的a degree in French.
25. What was the woman asked to do in the end?
答案：C) Send in a written application as soon as possible.
解析：对话中女士希望得到面试机会，但是男士要求先要递交书面申请(reply a writing to the advertisement)，并不是所有人都能得到面试机会，因此选择答案C。
题材考点分析：
长对话第二篇围绕女士求职面试展开，男士问了很多关于女士个人信息的问题，女士做出回答。做题时需要考生把握住对话大意、抓住细节信息以及两人的态度。
对话中的考点主要集中在细节、重点一些词组含义，以及同意词组替换。对话中关键信息包括：been working in Geneva, secretarial work, degree in English, be near to the family, applications in writing等。考题也正是针对这些关键信息出的，在听的时候考察考生对于细节的把握，尤其是叙述相同类型的事情时，更需要记下其中的区别，从而在做题时能够准确的选出选项。如对话中提到女士会French和English，区别是会说French，拿到了degree in English.
其中有几题考察同义词组替换。比如23题中用close替换了near，24题中用secretary替换了secretarial work。选项中频频出现同义词组替换，由此可见考生平时应该注意积累同一个意思不同的表达法。
另外，从说话的语气和表达情绪的词，也可以听出说话人的态度。比如女士在问到能否安排面试时，男士的回答 “Well, I’m afraid…” 由此看出男士否定了女士的想法。因此在做题中，很容易地排除了安排面试的选项。
总体来说，这篇听力难度中等，关键是要抓住细节。
Section B
Passage One
听力文章分析：
本文难度不大，生词和难词不是很多，关键是整体上的及关键句的理解。先是消防队员在营救火灾中时常遇到小孩对消防队员的设备不熟悉，以为是带着面具的怪兽(monster)，从而躲起来，无法得到及时营救而丧失的现象入手，引出Eric Velez为了防止此类现象再次发生，在社区里开始对孩子消防知识的教育。再举例进一步说明教育性质的演讲在拯救生命的巨大作用。最后再简略地说下此类演讲的其他作用。
做题要点：
(1) 抓关键句。一般篇章类听力，篇幅较长，听的时候一定要学会准确提取有用的信息，如原因目的、结果、数字、开头和结尾部分等。
“because they think they have seen a monster” “To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire.” “But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives.” “Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food,” “In addition to saving lives,”
这几句就包括了所有题目的答案，只要抓住这几句并理解了其意，题目就不难做出。
(2) 抓住细节，但无需执着于细节。
本文的题目每题都设置了很多细节干扰项。如果太过执着于细节，如frightened by smoke and noise ;Eric Velez learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents 就会使得做题时容易被细节分心，从而无法立即准确地判断和加以选择。
重点词汇：
fire fighters 消防队员 monster怪兽、怪物 heartbreaks 伤心事 catch a glimpse of 瞥见 masked戴面具的 oxygen mask 氧气面罩 informative 教育性的，有益的
答案及解析：
26. D) They mistake the firefighters for monsters.
解析：细节题，从开始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出因为不熟悉消防人员戴面具的形象，孩子们以为来救援的消防人员是怪兽，所以躲起来。所以选D。其他选项文中都没有涉及到。
27. B) He often teaches children what to do during a fire.
解析：本篇文章大篇幅讲的是Eric Velez给社区里的孩子讲解消防知识，让他们熟悉消防人员及消防工具的过程。选项A，put out fire虽然是Eric Velez的工作，但是本文重点不是在其消防员救活这个工作上，C、D选项很容易就可以排除。所以选B。
28. A) He saved the life of his brother choking on food.
解析：细节题，从Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food一句便可得出答案，文章中关于Pete Gentry的主要信息就是他救了噎着食物的弟弟。所以选A。做题时一定要把人名及其所做的事准确对应起来。
29. D) Informative speeches can save lives.
解析：主旨题，本文举了一个大例子，一下小例子来证明教育性的演说有救人性命的好处。虽然在文章最后也列举了下其他好处，但是主旨还是拯救生命。所以选D。其他几个选项都主要讲细节处，很容易就可以排除。
Passage Two
听力文章分析：
本篇听力讲述的是截然不同的两种生活态度，一种是“make and save a lot of money in order to retire early”，另一种则是“live only for today”，作者在陈述两种不同态度之后，针对两种态度给出了自己的看法“it's better to pick the spend-all approach”。本篇听力不是太难，没有较难的词汇，虽然有几个需要注意的句式，如：“At the other extreme are people who live only for today. Why bother saving… ”等，但是通过上下文也是不难理解的，而且结构也比较清楚，基本上可以分为三部分：两种不同的态度和作者的观点，所考察的三道题也上针对了这三个主要的点。由此可见，听听力的时候依然首先要从全文来把握，把握文章的要点，在把握要点的基础上，有重点的去听一些细节，如与要点相关的原因和后果，以及作者本人对这些事情的看法，遇到与此相关的信号词或者关键词时就一定要注意重点记忆。
答案及解析：
30. C) To make money for early retirement.
解析：本题考察原因，问为什么人们喜欢比较苛求但收入较高的工作，其实听力一开始就用in order to 给出了原因，即：retire early，所以选C项。
31. A) They may have to continue to work in old age.
解析：本题考察后果，问只为当下而活的人面临着什么危险，从“The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.”中可以看出A是正确选项，及在年老时有可能不得不继续工作。
32. B) Enjoying yourself while you can.
解析：本课考察文章作者的态度，从 “Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.”中可以看出，作者认为想等到退休后再做自己想做的事情以及和自己喜欢的人在一起可能是一种错误，所以选B，即趁着自己还可以的时候要懂得享受生活。
Passage Three
听力文章分析：
此篇短文听力难度适中。叙述者，即文中的speaker，通过记叙自己的境遇表达个人观点。三个自然段分别对应文章后的三道题，结构清晰明了，题目答案导向明确。
第一段通过开篇点题引出本文话题，“以偏概全”着实有失公平;
第二段记叙一个发生在Graben Gore 饭店的故事，关键句：A new sign in the window told the story. “No more than two students at a time”;
第三段同样是记叙一个发生在药店的故事，故事情节较为简单。
此三题听时关键在于抓关键句子，个别人名等不需做过多关注。
答案及解析：
33.C) Innocent people being suspected groundlessly。
文章第一段中，由”How fair will that be”的前一句和后一句均可推出此答案。前一句即“一个邻居犯了法，所有的邻居们都成了怀疑对象”。后一句即“因为有些学生小偷小摸，所有的学生就都被当成小偷来看待……”，二者表明一个意思，即“无辜者被毫无理由的怀疑属实不公平”。
34.D) Allowing only two students to enter at a time。
第一个小故事中的一个关键句后面紧跟答案。该关键句为，”A new sign in the window told the story.”
而这个sign的内容就是紧随其后的“No more than two students at a time”.
35.B) He was closely watched.
此题需要自己稍作总结，最后一个小故事说到文中的“我”去药店，却一直被盯着;此事让“我”很是不满。
Section C
36. preserve
37. appreciate
38. households
39. chat
40. convenient
41. rates
42. receive
43. submit
44. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.
45. A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.
46. This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts
版本二：
11.A, get
12.B, buying
13.A, taking p
14.B, he
15.D, he
16.C, her gym
17.D, The
18.A，Indifferent.
19.C ，he has
20.B，learn
21.C, every
22.A, what to
23.D. A financial trader
24.B, He considers
25. D, It can
26.D)They mistake the firefighters for monsters。
27.A)He often teaches children what to do during a fire。
28.D)He saved the life of his brother choking on food。
29.D)Informative speeches can save lives。
30.C)To make money for early retirement。
31.A)They may have to continue to work in old age
32.B)Making wise use of your time。
33.C)Innocent people being suspected groundlessly。
34.D)Allowing only two students to enter at a time。
35.B)He was closely watched。
36 international
37 revolution
38 emphasized
39 poor-paying
40 effectively
41 freelancewriter
42 conditioned
43 reasonably
44 The earthquake left thousands of people in urgent need of medicar care.
45 There is no denying the fact that he has directed the most popular film in ten years.
46 A lighted cigarette thrown out of a car or train window can star a fire.
版本二：
67.came out
68.less
69.By
70.almost
71.fertile
72.growth
73.lead
74.pressure
75.surroundings
76.into
77.driven
78.treasure
79.when
80.expand
81.at
82.frequent
83.major
84.trend
85.While
86.qualities
翻译
版本一：
Part Ⅵ
Translation
87.___________________(为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance.
解析：In order to ensure him to attend the meeting
To ensure his attendance at the meeting
【结构分析】本题句子的主干 “I called him up in advance”已经给出，无需翻译，需要翻译部分为“为了确保他能参加会议”。该部分在句子中作目的状语
【考点解释】本题考查是目的状语。①目的状语可以由to/in order to来引导。②确保 ensure sb to do 确保某人做某事，ensure sth 确保某事
【原句精释】为了确保他参加会议，我已经提前给他电话了。
88.The significant museum________________(据说建成于)about a hundred years ago.
解析：is said to have been built
【结构分析】本题句子的主语为the significant museum，缺谓语，即(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago为时间状语。
【考点解释】本题重点考查：①被动语态。主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系; 且bulid这一动作发生在过去。②据说 be said to;be said to+ 动词不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。
【原句精释】据说这座意义深远的博物馆大约建成于一百年前。
89.There would be no life on earth ____________________ (没有地球独特的环境)。
解析: without its unique environment but for its unique environment
【结构分析】本题句子含有There be结构。主干完整，there主语，would be 谓语，no life 表语，on earth 地点状语
【考点解释】本题重点考查：①without的用法 without 是介词，后接名词;同时，表示“没有”，除without外，还可用but for;②单词拼写 unique adj.独特;environment n.环境 ③当名词重复出现时，可适当使用代词，避免重复。
【原句精释】没有地球独特的环境，地球上就不会有生命。
90.______________________________(给游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.
解析：What impressed the tourists most
【结构分析】本题句子为主系表结构，主语即考查部分，was 系动词，剩余部分为表语。
【考点解释】本题重点考查①what引导的主语从句;what可引导句子充当主语;②impress用法 给…留下印象 impress sb;③最高级的用法most;结合考点②③，可推出“给…印象最深”为impress sb most
【原句精释】当地人的友善与热情给游客们留下了最深的印象。
91.They requested that ___________________________ (我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.
解析：books I borrowed (should) be returned to the library
I (should) return the book I borrowed to the library
【结构分析】本题句子的主干部分分别是they 主语，request 谓语，后接that引导的宾语从句。
【考点解释】①request的用法。request v. 要求;当request表示“要求”时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即(should)+ 动词原形。②定语从句。“我借的书”， the book (that) I borrowed;③单词的拼写。归还 return，借 borrow，图书馆 library ④本题就此题提供了两个版本的答案，但在表示“规定，规则”时，被动语态更为常用。
【原句精释】他们要求我在下周五之前把借的书还回图书馆。
版本二：
87.In order to ensure him to attend the meeting
88.was said to be founded
89.without the special environment on earth
90.what the tourists were impressed by
91.the books that I borrowed be returned to the library
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