史上今日：August 2
Iraqi soldiers backed up by 700 tanks invaded the Gulf state of Kuwait1990: Iraq invades Kuwait
England have 1990: More than 100,000 Iraqi soldiers backed up by 700 tanks
invaded the Gulf state of Kuwait in the early hours of this morning.
Iraqi forces have established a provisional government and their leader
Saddam Hussein has threatened to turn Kuwait city into a "graveyard" if any
other country dares to challenge the "take-over by force".
Iraqi jets have bombed targets in the capital and special forces have
landed at the defence ministry and at the Emir's palace. Road blocks are in
place and there are reports of looting in the city's shops.
Initial reports suggest up to 200 people have been killed in heavy gunfire
around the city.
It is reported that the younger brother of Emir Sheikh Jaber al-Sabah has
been killed whilst trying to defend the palace, while the Emir himself has
escaped to Saudi Arabia.
All communication has been cut with Kuwait and many people, including
thousands of foreign nationals, are trapped in the city.
England
James Malone, a former antiques dealer from Dorking in Surrey
1984: Euro Court condemns phone-tapping
Artificially bred A Surrey businessman who accused the police of illegally
tapping his phone is celebrating after a ruling by the European Court of Human
Rights.
James Malone, a former antiques dealer from Dorking in Surrey, claims that
while he was on trial for handling stolen goods in 1977, the police intercepted
his telephone calls and his post.
In 1979, Mr Malone, who was acquitted on all charges, unsuccessfully tried
to sue the Metropolitan Police in the High Court but the court said it had no
jurisdiction in the matter.
Following a six-year campaign, Mr Malone's case was finally referred to the
European Courts in May last year and a panel of 18 judges ruled today that the
UK government was in breach of the European Convention.
Mr Malone was delighted by the decision although he is not convinced the
practice will stop.
Any safe-guard they bring in will just be to ensure that no-one will catch
them doing it
He said: "I am very pleased but I think that all that will happen is that
the police or the government will not be caught with their trousers down
again.
"Any safe-guard they bring in will just be to ensure that no-one will catch
them doing it."
The British government has been told by the European Court to change its
'obscure' regulations.
Ministers had argued that post and telephone interceptions were justified
in the interests of crime prevention and it was not necessary to incorporate
regulations into the law.
Up to now, police have been allowed to carry out up to 400 phone-taps and
100 mail interceptions a year with authorisation from the home secretary.
There are also fears that the introduction of new electronic telephone
exchanges will make the practice of phone-tapping even easier.
Campaigners have now called for new legislation which would require a judge
to authorise all phone-taps.
The Home Office confirmed tonight the regulations will be revised and
legislation will be introduced to take into account the European Court's
judgement.
Vocabulary:
provisional government: used of partial or temporary arrangements ; as, a
provisional government(临时政府)
loot: take illegally(劫掠)
tap: to connect a listening device to (a telephone or telegraph line)
secretly, for the purpose of hearing private conversations(窃听)
intercept: tap a telephone or telegraph wire to get information(窃听)
jurisdiction: the right and power to interpret and apply the law(权限)
breach: a failure to perform some promised act or obligation(违背)
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